Ear, Nose and Throat Specialists perform surgery to
correct diseases and disorders of the ear, nose and throat.
Also known as an ENT specialist, an Otolaryngologist is a physician who
specializes in the treatment of diseases of the ear, nose, and throat.
Otolaryngologists work with patients of all ages who suffer from diseases in
those areas.
ANZSCO ID: 253515
Alternative names:
Head and Neck Surgeon; Otorhinolaryngologist, ENT Specialist,
Specialisations:
Otolaryngologists focusing on the ears treat hearing disorders,
infections, balance disorders, nerve pain, ear noise (tinnitus), and
cranial nerve disorders.
ENT specialists of the nose deal with patients suffering from
chronic sinusitis.
Throat specialists treat diseases of the larynx, esophagus, and
upper aero-digestive tract, including swallowing and voice
disorders. Medical specialists treating problems in the head and
neck regions deal with tumors, infectious diseases, deformities, and
facial trauma.
Knowledge, skills and attributes
Aside from being
knowledgeable in this field, Otolaryngologists should also have the stamina
required to work long hours. They should be able to get along with people
and instill confidence, so excellent communication skills is a must. They
should also have excellent hand-eye coordination, problem solving skills,
and critical thinking. They should also have a strong moral philosophy, and
is able to work well under stressful conditions.
To become an ENT Specialist, you would need:
Ability to work as part of a team, and to manage and
supervise others.
Excellent vision and visuospatial awareness.
Expert listening skills and the ability to work
effectively with people who have communication difficulties.
Good organizational capacity.
Outstanding hand-eye coordination and manual
dexterity.
Examines patients to determine the
necessity of operations, estimates and explains risks to patients, and
selects the best operational procedures.
Reviews reports on patients'
general physical condition, reactions to medications and medical
histories.
Consults with anaesthetists
regarding the correct anaesthesia for patients.
Performs surgical operations.
Examines instruments, equipment,
and surgical set-up to ensure that antiseptic and aseptic methods have
been followed.
Instructs other medical, nursing
and associated staff regarding the preparation of patients and
instrument and equipment requirements.
Prescribes post-operative care,
and observes and investigates patients' progress.
Maintains records of operations
performed.
May specialise in particular types
of operations.
Working conditions
The working conditions of Otolaryngologists vary depending on where
they work. Those who work in hospitals could be called in for an emergency
surgery so they are on call 24 hours a day. However, those in private
practice or joined colleague practice may see patients on their own
schedule, allowing flexibility, in the comfort of their own office. Some
Otolaryngologists may also find themselves teaching at universities and
hospitals, or conducting research in laboratories for pharmaceutical
companies.
Tools and technologies
Otorhinolaryngologists use a range of specialised surgical instruments when
operating on patients including retractors, forceps, snares, syringes and
hooks. They must also wear sterile surgical attire while operating.
Outside of the operating theatre, otorhinolaryngologists use technologies
such as X-rays, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans, and Computed
Tomography (CT) scans to assist in planning appropriate courses of action
and to follow up after surgery.
An ENT Treatment Unit Set will have the following equipment :-
Optionally the unit may include – 0 deg.
Endoscope, 70deg. Endoscope, CCD Camera, Side Cabinet, Microscope,
Patient Chair, Doctor Chair and Video Imaging System.
Apart from the above hospital requires – Tympanometer, Nystagmograph (used
to diagnose the cause of vertigo / dizziness) and audiometry set-up.
Endoscopy equipment such as nasopharyngo-laryngoscope, Sinuscope, video
otoscope, Laryngoscope or telelaryngoscope, bronchoscope or esophagoscope
may be made available depending on the diagnostic capability the hospital
would like to have.
To become an otorhinolaryngologist, you need to first become a
qualified medical practitioner and then specialise in otolaryngology head
and neck surgery.
To become a medical practitioner, you need to study a degree in medicine.
Alternatively, you can study a degree in any discipline followed by a
postgraduate degree in medicine.
To specialise in otolaryngology head and neck surgery, doctors must apply to
the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) to complete the
Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Surgical Education and Training
program.
Did You Know?
Top Ear, Nose,
and Throat Facts
1. Your nose is directly connected to the limbic system,
the memory center of your brain.
2. Humans are able to detect more than 10,000 types of scents.
3. Sore throats are caused by disease or from swelling of the
tonsils or pharynx.
4. Earwax production can increase due to experiencing fear or
stress.
5. Approximately 20,000 liters of air passes through an adult’s nose
daily.
6. While your nose reaches its main shape by the time you are 19
years old, your nose will still droop and lengthen with time.
7. The bones in your ear, the stapes, malleus, and incus are the
smallest in the human body. They are so small that all three bones
can fit together on a penny!
8. While your tonsils and adenoids help protect against infections,
they have little purpose beyond childhood.
9. There are at least 14 different types of noses.
10. While this number decreases with age, the average human has 12
million olfactory receptor cells.
11. We constantly replenish olfactory receptor cells throughout
life.
12. Your nose is able to produce almost one litre of mucus per day.
13. Your ears are not only useful for hearing; they also aid in
balance.
14. Your style of sneezing is one of the things that make you
unique, as your sneezing style is believed to be genetic.
15. The epiglottis divides the esophagus from the trachea and
prevents food or drink from going down the wrong pipe. (Source:
NY Sinus Center)